If you're used to Canon and have other Canon gear and lenses, I would look for a used 6D.
Full frame, large pixels, large dynamic range and if you're lucky, you can find one for even as low as £350 (around $500) which may be above your budget.
If you get a 'cropped' sensor camera, I reckon the 6D will still beat them all quality wise, so perhaps save a little longer and buy better?
I have a 6D (full) and 70D (cropped), also using 1100D, 450D, 30D (all cropped) in the past and the 6D is easily the best in this lineup.
I also have a Samyang 14mm f2.8 and 24mm f1.4 and the 24mm is better for the Milky Way in my opinion. The 14mm is a bit soft wide open and a bit slow stopped down.
If you're on a fixed tripod, this really matters but if you have a star adventurer or similar, then you may get away with the 14mm stopped down.
Milky way shots are not easy, as I found out when I tried many times!