tldr: It seems the HC-05 is using the wrong serial parameters to connect to the mount, but these settings don't have documented AT commands.
I've also been looking at using the HC-05.
Connections to my Virtuoso mount work fine over a 3.3v serial cable. My Windows version of Synscan works fine using a cable.
Another way to test is to connect to the mount using a terminal program and type:
:e1
Typing these three characters plus a CR should produce the response "=0210A" from the mount.
This doesn't work for the HC-05, nor does Synscan.
I compared the output of the two connections using the trial version of "Advanced Serial Port Monitor". The working serial cable connects using these parameters:
Baud rate 9600
Data bits=8, Stop bits=1, Parity=None
Set chars: Eof=0x00, Error=0x00, Break=0x00, Event=0x00, Xon=0x11, Xoff=0x13
Handflow: ControlHandShake=(), FlowReplace=(XOFF_CONTINUE), XonLimit=2048, XoffLimit=512
The HC-05 module tries to connect to the mount using these parameters:
Baud rate 9600
Data bits=8, Stop bits=1, Parity=None
Set chars: Eof=0x00, Error=0x00, Break=0x00, Event=0x00, Xon=0x00, Xoff=0x00
Handflow: ControlHandShake=(DTR_CONTROL, CTS_HANDSHAKE), FlowReplace=(TRANSMIT_TOGGLE, RTS_HANDSHAKE), XonLimit=0, XoffLimit=0
Xon, Xoff, Controlhandshake, FlowReplace, XonLimit, XoffLimit have differing values.
The problem is, I can't find any documented AT commands to change these parameters on the HC-05 module. The only documented AT command related to UART parameters is "AT+UART", but this can only change baud, stop bit and parity settings. If no other parameters can be changed, then this probably won't work?