New Viewpoints on Gravitational Force 3

[lyq3822708]

In the book Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, Newton came up to his law of universal gravitation (F=G•Mm/ r ²) on basis of Kepler’s law and his own thoughts. Measurement of G in the law has been a major work for the later scientists. For the first time, Cavendish of British got the value of G with a relative privacy by means of torsion balance which is of his own design. The universal gravitation constant, light velocity, Planck constant has been referred to as the Three Major Constants of physics. So far, measurement of light velocity and Planck constant has reached a high privacy, while a privacy value for the So-called universal gravitation constant is still out of people’s measurement. And there have been a large discrepancy among values obtained by different scientists. Theoretically speaking, it is much easier to measure the universal gravitation compared with light velocity and Planck constant, and the measurement shall be with a more privacy due to the fact that the universal gravitation is not a constant. A detailed description has been made in my gravity model. In fact, the universal gravitation varies upon different substance. Even with the same substance, the value would differ under different circumstance. Therefore, different substance and different circumstance shall be taken into consideration in measurement.

The astronomer Hubble found that the Universe is in its constant expansion. And three types of cosmological model have been put forward by Freedman based upon foundation of Hubble. In the first type model, the Universe is supposed to accelerate at a rather low speed, which results that the attractive force among different galaxies slow down the universal expansion and come to contraction at the last point. In the second type universal model, the Universe is expanding at such a large speed that it can not be stopped despite of prevention from the attractive force. The third type model: the Universe is expanding at an appropriate speed to avoid occurrence of contraction. There still exit another circulated universe which is presented by some scholars. In this model, the universe is supposed to expand at first and then come into shrinkage, and expand at last. In my model, the universe is supposed to expand all along. As there is an absence of the universal gravitation, the universe would be in expansion all along. Though the universe is in its expansion all the time, the overall expansion rate is in decline. Still some fluctuation exists in the process of decline. At some point, the universe will be in a stage of boosting inflation, the same conditions are suitable for Milky Way Galaxy lived in by us and the surrounding galaxies. During the initial stages of the universe, it expands in high speed. With the time elapsing, the expansion speed declines dramatically. As the V-T figure showed, the smooth curve is formed. In certain point, the universe shows layering structure. The expansion rate exists fluctuation, which gradually reduces. The process is like that of damping vibration. At last the V-T comes into smooth curve, and becomes more and more slow and flat. The expansion rate reduces gradually and achieves the state of even rate expansion at last.