Making Every Photon Count - Steve Richards

[WormHole]

Can anyone help, on page 101 of this incredible book. It states bit levels. 12 bit is 2 to the 12th power etc. 

What does 2 represent. 

Thanks in advance. 

[fifeskies]

Its from the fact everything works in binary

ie 10 equals 2 , 100 equals 4 , 101 equals 5

and of course there are 10 types of people in the world , those that understand binary and those that do not.

 

12 bit resolution gives 4096 levels 

 

Edited August 17, 2021 by fifeskies

[teoria_del_big_bang]

2 is the states that a bit can represent.

1 bit can be either 0 or 1 and so can represent 2 numbers or 2 levels of brightness (in that case would be white or black).
2 bits similarly could be 00, 01, 10 or 11 and so could represent 4 levels of brightness so this evaluates to 2 to the power of 2 (2 x 2)

3 bits could be 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 or 111 so represents 8 levels of brightness and this evaluates to 2 to the power of 3 (2 x 2 x 2)

So all the way up to 16 bits can represent  65,536 levels or 2 to the power of 16.

Steve 

Edited August 17, 2021 by teoria_del_big_bang

[teoria_del_big_bang]

4 minutes ago, fifeskies said:

Its from the fact everything works in binary.

ie 10 equals 2 , 100 equals 4 , 101 equals 5

and of course there are 10 types of people in the world , those that understand binary and those that do not.

 

 

Ha Ha , brilliant

I was going to ad that this can be a Gray area but that would only complicate things 🙂 

Steve

Edited August 17, 2021 by teoria_del_big_bang

[steppenwolf]

38 minutes ago, teoria_del_big_bang said:

I was going to ad that this can be a Gray area but that would only complicate things 🙂 

😂🤣 01001100 01101001 01101011 01100101

[WormHole]

1 hour ago, teoria_del_big_bang said:

2 is the states that a bit can represent.

1 bit can be either 0 or 1 and so can represent 2 numbers or 2 levels of brightness (in that case would be white or black.
2 bits similarly could be 00, 01, 10 or 11 and so could represent 4 levels of brightness so this evaluates to 2 to the power of 2 (2 x 2)

3 bits could be 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 or 111 so represents 8 levels of brightness and this evaluates to 2 to the power of 3 (2 x 2 x 2)

So all the way up to 16 bits can represent  65,536 levels or 2 to the power of 16.

Steve 

Thank you, that helps a lot and explains what I needed to know. I just need to know where data comes from and what it represents. So a big Big help, thank you. 

[Mick J]

1 hour ago, fifeskies said:

and of course there are 10 types of people in the world , those that understand binary and those that do not.

 

Thanks @fifeskies I have seen that line before and now have an more of an idea what it's about.

[johninderby]

Personally I like a bit of Octal for a change. 😁

[Malpi12]

1 hour ago, teoria_del_big_bang said:

that this can be a Gray area but that would only complicate things 🙂 

Especially if the photons are collected by a Newt,
they should then be expressed as Reflected Binary Code
(aka Gray Code) 
?  !
 

Edited August 17, 2021 by Malpi12

[Pixies]

 

Once you see that any number to the power 0 = 1, it makes more sense.

Multiplication and division of numbers can be represented as addition and subtraction of indices. For example:

4 x 2 = 8

is equivalent to:

(2^2) x (2^21)

and is:

2^(2+1) = 2^3 = 8

 

So...

2/2 (=1)

equivalent to:

(2^1) / (2^1)

2^(1-1) = 2^0 = 1

 

(have just been explaining this to offsping #2 for maths homework)

[malc-c]

Without getting into the math of binary, when it comes to cameras etc the greater the bit value the higher the resolution for the end result.  For example in imaging cameras a higher bit rate for the CCD means you will see more detail as there are more "steps" between black and white so you get graduation and detail.   As Steve stated 16 bits can represent  65,536 levels  (steps)  to make up the image compared to a 12 bit level that will make the same image up form 4096 levels between black and white.

[Grifflin]

This might help to visualise what has been said