Recently a software package called StarNet++ has been released that also removes stars from images and, although it is not easy to use, there is a Mac version. The author, Nikita, is very accessible, unlike the author of Straton unless things have changed, and he has developed a PI module (beta release at the moment), windooze only at the moment but is working on a Mac version. In PI you can use PixelMaths to extract the stars so they can be re-added after processing the starless image i.e. tone mapping etc.
I have tried it and it works very well on Mac and it is free.
https://www.astrobin.com/392222/?nc=all
https://www.astrobin.com/397290/